/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.catalina.authenticator.jaspic;

import org.apache.catalina.Contained;
import org.apache.catalina.Container;
import org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal;
import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager;

import javax.security.auth.Subject;
import javax.security.auth.callback.Callback;
import javax.security.auth.callback.CallbackHandler;
import javax.security.auth.callback.UnsupportedCallbackException;

import javax.security.auth.message.callback.CallerPrincipalCallback;
import javax.security.auth.message.callback.GroupPrincipalCallback;
import javax.security.auth.message.callback.PasswordValidationCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.Principal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * This is a clone of Tomcat default callback handler but with a better handling of the Generic Principals when more than
 * one callback is used.
 * <p>
 * For instance https://github.com/apache/tomcat/blob/master/java/org/apache/catalina/authenticator/jaspic/CallbackHandlerImpl.java#L96
 * keeps adding new Generic Principals even for the same name whereas the authenticator base
 * https://github.com/apache/tomcat/blob/master/java/org/apache/catalina/authenticator/AuthenticatorBase.java#L956
 * randomly picks the first one. So it results in random failures
 * <p>
 * See https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j/jakartaee-tck/issues/575
 */
public class CallbackHandlerImpl implements CallbackHandler, Contained {

    private static final StringManager sm = StringManager.getManager(org.apache.catalina.authenticator.jaspic.CallbackHandlerImpl.class);
    private final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(org.apache.catalina.authenticator.jaspic.CallbackHandlerImpl.class); // must not be static

    private Container container;


    @Override
    public void handle(Callback[] callbacks) throws IOException, UnsupportedCallbackException {

        String name = null;
        Principal principal = null;
        Subject subject = null;
        String[] groups = null;

        if (callbacks != null) {
            // Need to combine data from multiple callbacks so use this to hold
            // the data
            // Process the callbacks
            for (Callback callback : callbacks) {
                if (callback instanceof CallerPrincipalCallback) {
                    CallerPrincipalCallback cpc = (CallerPrincipalCallback) callback;
                    name = cpc.getName();
                    principal = cpc.getPrincipal();
                    subject = cpc.getSubject();
                } else if (callback instanceof GroupPrincipalCallback) {
                    GroupPrincipalCallback gpc = (GroupPrincipalCallback) callback;
                    groups = gpc.getGroups();
                } else if (callback instanceof PasswordValidationCallback) {
                    if (container == null) {
                        log.warn(sm.getString("callbackHandlerImpl.containerMissing", callback.getClass().getName()));
                    } else if (container.getRealm() == null) {
                        log.warn(sm.getString("callbackHandlerImpl.realmMissing",
                                              callback.getClass().getName(), container.getName()));
                    } else {
                        PasswordValidationCallback pvc = (PasswordValidationCallback) callback;
                        principal = container.getRealm().authenticate(pvc.getUsername(),
                                                                      String.valueOf(pvc.getPassword()));
                        pvc.setResult(principal != null);
                        subject = pvc.getSubject();
                    }
                } else {
                    log.error(sm.getString("callbackHandlerImpl.jaspicCallbackMissing",
                                           callback.getClass().getName()));
                }
            }

            // Create the GenericPrincipal
            Principal gp = getPrincipal(principal, name, groups);
            if (subject != null && gp != null) {

                // merge if needed
                String mergeName = gp.getName();
                List<String> mergeRoles = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(((GenericPrincipal) gp).getRoles()));
                Principal mergePrincipal = ((GenericPrincipal) gp).getUserPrincipal();

                for (Object oPrincipal : subject.getPrivateCredentials()) {
                    if (!(oPrincipal instanceof GenericPrincipal)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    final GenericPrincipal privateCredential = (GenericPrincipal) oPrincipal;
                    if (mergeName != null && mergeName.equals(privateCredential.getName())) {
                        mergeRoles.addAll(Arrays.asList(privateCredential.getRoles()));
                        subject.getPrivateCredentials().remove(oPrincipal);
                    }
                }

                subject.getPrivateCredentials().add(new GenericPrincipal(mergeName, null, mergeRoles, mergePrincipal));

                // may come from CallerPrincipalCallback and we need to being to get it from the Subject
                if (principal != null) {
                    subject.getPrincipals().add(principal);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private Principal getPrincipal(Principal principal, String name, String[] groups) {
        // If the Principal is cached in the session JASPIC may simply return it
        if (principal instanceof GenericPrincipal) {
            return principal;
        }
        if (name == null && principal != null) {
            name = principal.getName();
        }
        if (name == null) {
            return null;
        }
        List<String> roles;
        if (groups == null || groups.length == 0) {
            roles = Collections.emptyList();
        } else {
            roles = Arrays.asList(groups);
        }

        return new GenericPrincipal(name, null, roles, principal);
    }

    // Contained interface methods
    @Override
    public Container getContainer() {
        return this.container;
    }


    @Override
    public void setContainer(Container container) {
        this.container = container;
    }
}
