/**
    *
    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    * distributed with this work for additional information
    * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
   *
   *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  package org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util;
  
  import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
  import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
  import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
  import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotSame;
  import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
  
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Map;
  
  import org.apache.commons.lang.ArrayUtils;
  import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
  import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
  import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseTestingUtility;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HRegionInfo;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.MediumTests;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ServerName;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.RegionSplitter.HexStringSplit;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.RegionSplitter.DecimalStringSplit;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.RegionSplitter.SplitAlgorithm;
  import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.RegionSplitter.UniformSplit;
  import org.junit.AfterClass;
  import org.junit.BeforeClass;
  import org.junit.Test;
  import org.junit.experimental.categories.Category;
  
  /**
   * Tests for {@link RegionSplitter}, which can create a pre-split table or do a
   * rolling split of an existing table.
   */
  @Category(MediumTests.class)
  public class TestRegionSplitter {
      private final static Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(TestRegionSplitter.class);
      private final static HBaseTestingUtility UTIL = new HBaseTestingUtility();
      private final static String CF_NAME = "SPLIT_TEST_CF";
      private final static byte xFF = (byte) 0xff;
  
      @BeforeClass
      public static void setup() throws Exception {
          UTIL.startMiniCluster();
      }
  
      @AfterClass
      public static void teardown() throws Exception {
          UTIL.shutdownMiniCluster();
      }
  
      /**
       * Test creating a pre-split table using the HexStringSplit algorithm.
       */
      @Test
      public void testCreatePresplitTableHex() throws Exception {
        final List<byte[]> expectedBounds = new ArrayList<byte[]>();
        expectedBounds.add(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY);
        expectedBounds.add("10000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("20000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("30000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("40000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("50000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("60000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("70000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("80000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("90000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("a0000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("b0000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("c0000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("d0000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("e0000000".getBytes());
        expectedBounds.add("f0000000".getBytes());
            expectedBounds.add(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY);
  
            // Do table creation/pre-splitting and verification of region boundaries
      preSplitTableAndVerify(expectedBounds,
          HexStringSplit.class.getSimpleName(),
          TableName.valueOf("NewHexPresplitTable"));
      }
 
     /**
      * Test creating a pre-split table using the UniformSplit algorithm.
      */
     @Test
     public void testCreatePresplitTableUniform() throws Exception {
       List<byte[]> expectedBounds = new ArrayList<byte[]>();
       expectedBounds.add(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY);
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {      0x10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {      0x20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {      0x30, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {      0x40, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {      0x50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {      0x60, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {      0x70, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0x90, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0xa0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0xb0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0xc0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0xd0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0xe0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(new byte[] {(byte)0xf0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0});
       expectedBounds.add(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY);
 
       // Do table creation/pre-splitting and verification of region boundaries
       preSplitTableAndVerify(expectedBounds, UniformSplit.class.getSimpleName(),
         TableName.valueOf("NewUniformPresplitTable"));
     }
 
     /**
      * Unit tests for the HexStringSplit algorithm. Makes sure it divides up the
      * space of keys in the way that we expect.
      */
     @Test
     public void unitTestHexStringSplit() {
         HexStringSplit splitter = new HexStringSplit();
         // Check splitting while starting from scratch
 
         byte[][] twoRegionsSplits = splitter.split(2);
         assertEquals(1, twoRegionsSplits.length);
         assertArrayEquals("80000000".getBytes(), twoRegionsSplits[0]);
 
         byte[][] threeRegionsSplits = splitter.split(3);
         assertEquals(2, threeRegionsSplits.length);
         byte[] expectedSplit0 = "55555555".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(expectedSplit0, threeRegionsSplits[0]);
         byte[] expectedSplit1 = "aaaaaaaa".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(expectedSplit1, threeRegionsSplits[1]);
 
         // Check splitting existing regions that have start and end points
         byte[] splitPoint = splitter.split("10000000".getBytes(), "30000000".getBytes());
         assertArrayEquals("20000000".getBytes(), splitPoint);
 
         byte[] lastRow = "ffffffff".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(lastRow, splitter.lastRow());
         byte[] firstRow = "00000000".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(firstRow, splitter.firstRow());
 
         // Halfway between 00... and 20... should be 10...
         splitPoint = splitter.split(firstRow, "20000000".getBytes());
         assertArrayEquals("10000000".getBytes(), splitPoint);
 
         // Halfway between df... and ff... should be ef....
         splitPoint = splitter.split("dfffffff".getBytes(), lastRow);
         assertArrayEquals(splitPoint,"efffffff".getBytes());
 
         // Check splitting region with multiple mappers per region
         byte[][] splits = splitter.split("00000000".getBytes(), "30000000".getBytes(), 3, false);
         assertEquals(2, splits.length);
         assertArrayEquals(splits[0], "10000000".getBytes());
         assertArrayEquals(splits[1], "20000000".getBytes());
 
         splits = splitter.split("00000000".getBytes(), "20000000".getBytes(), 2, true);
         assertEquals(3, splits.length);
         assertArrayEquals(splits[1], "10000000".getBytes());
     }
 
     /**
      * Unit tests for the DecimalStringSplit algorithm. Makes sure it divides up the
      * space of keys in the way that we expect.
      */
     @Test
     public void unitTestDecimalStringSplit() {
         DecimalStringSplit splitter = new DecimalStringSplit();
         // Check splitting while starting from scratch
 
         byte[][] twoRegionsSplits = splitter.split(2);
         assertEquals(1, twoRegionsSplits.length);
         assertArrayEquals("50000000".getBytes(), twoRegionsSplits[0]);
 
         byte[][] threeRegionsSplits = splitter.split(3);
         assertEquals(2, threeRegionsSplits.length);
         byte[] expectedSplit0 = "33333333".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(expectedSplit0, threeRegionsSplits[0]);
         byte[] expectedSplit1 = "66666666".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(expectedSplit1, threeRegionsSplits[1]);
 
         // Check splitting existing regions that have start and end points
         byte[] splitPoint = splitter.split("10000000".getBytes(), "30000000".getBytes());
         assertArrayEquals("20000000".getBytes(), splitPoint);
 
         byte[] lastRow = "99999999".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(lastRow, splitter.lastRow());
         byte[] firstRow = "00000000".getBytes();
         assertArrayEquals(firstRow, splitter.firstRow());
 
         // Halfway between 00... and 20... should be 10...
         splitPoint = splitter.split(firstRow, "20000000".getBytes());
         assertArrayEquals("10000000".getBytes(), splitPoint);
 
         // Halfway between 00... and 19... should be 09...
         splitPoint = splitter.split(firstRow, "19999999".getBytes());
         assertArrayEquals("09999999".getBytes(), splitPoint);
 
         // Halfway between 79... and 99... should be 89....
         splitPoint = splitter.split("79999999".getBytes(), lastRow);
         assertArrayEquals("89999999".getBytes(), splitPoint);
     }
 
     /**
      * Unit tests for the UniformSplit algorithm. Makes sure it divides up the space of
      * keys in the way that we expect.
      */
     @Test
     public void unitTestUniformSplit() {
         UniformSplit splitter = new UniformSplit();
 
         // Check splitting while starting from scratch
         try {
             splitter.split(1);
             throw new AssertionError("Splitting into <2 regions should have thrown exception");
         } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { }
 
         byte[][] twoRegionsSplits = splitter.split(2);
         assertEquals(1, twoRegionsSplits.length);
         assertArrayEquals(twoRegionsSplits[0],
             new byte[] { (byte) 0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 });
 
         byte[][] threeRegionsSplits = splitter.split(3);
         assertEquals(2, threeRegionsSplits.length);
         byte[] expectedSplit0 = new byte[] {0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55};
         assertArrayEquals(expectedSplit0, threeRegionsSplits[0]);
         byte[] expectedSplit1 = new byte[] {(byte)0xAA, (byte)0xAA, (byte)0xAA, (byte)0xAA,
                 (byte)0xAA, (byte)0xAA, (byte)0xAA, (byte)0xAA};
         assertArrayEquals(expectedSplit1, threeRegionsSplits[1]);
 
         // Check splitting existing regions that have start and end points
         byte[] splitPoint = splitter.split(new byte[] {0x10}, new byte[] {0x30});
         assertArrayEquals(new byte[] {0x20}, splitPoint);
 
         byte[] lastRow = new byte[] {xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF};
         assertArrayEquals(lastRow, splitter.lastRow());
         byte[] firstRow = ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY;
         assertArrayEquals(firstRow, splitter.firstRow());
 
         splitPoint = splitter.split(firstRow, new byte[] {0x20});
         assertArrayEquals(splitPoint, new byte[] {0x10});
 
         splitPoint = splitter.split(new byte[] {(byte)0xdf, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF,
                 xFF, xFF, xFF}, lastRow);
         assertArrayEquals(splitPoint,
                 new byte[] {(byte)0xef, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF, xFF});
 
         splitPoint = splitter.split(new byte[] {'a', 'a', 'a'}, new byte[] {'a', 'a', 'b'});
         assertArrayEquals(splitPoint, new byte[] {'a', 'a', 'a', (byte)0x80 });
 
         // Check splitting region with multiple mappers per region
         byte[][] splits = splitter.split(new byte[] {'a', 'a', 'a'}, new byte[] {'a', 'a', 'd'}, 3, false);
         assertEquals(2, splits.length);
         assertArrayEquals(splits[0], new byte[]{'a', 'a', 'b'});
         assertArrayEquals(splits[1], new byte[]{'a', 'a', 'c'});
 
         splits = splitter.split(new byte[] {'a', 'a', 'a'}, new byte[] {'a', 'a', 'e'}, 2, true);
         assertEquals(3, splits.length);
         assertArrayEquals(splits[1], new byte[] { 'a', 'a', 'c'});
     }
 
   @Test
   public void testUserInput() {
     SplitAlgorithm algo = new HexStringSplit();
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo)); // default settings are fine
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "00", "AA")); // custom is fine
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "AA", "00")); // range error
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "AA", "AA")); // range error
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "0", "2", 3)); // should be fine
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "0", "A", 11)); // should be fine
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "0", "A", 12)); // too granular
 
     algo = new DecimalStringSplit();
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo)); // default settings are fine
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "00", "99")); // custom is fine
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "99", "00")); // range error
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "99", "99")); // range error
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "0", "2", 3)); // should be fine
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "0", "9", 10)); // should be fine
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "0", "9", 11)); // too granular
 
     algo = new UniformSplit();
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo)); // default settings are fine
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "\\x00", "\\xAA")); // custom is fine
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "\\xAA", "\\x00")); // range error
     assertTrue(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "\\xAA", "\\xAA")); // range error
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "\\x00", "\\x02", 3)); // should be fine
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "\\x00", "\\x0A", 11)); // should be fine
     assertFalse(splitFailsPrecondition(algo, "\\x00", "\\x0A", 12)); // should be fine
   }
 
   private boolean splitFailsPrecondition(SplitAlgorithm algo) {
     return splitFailsPrecondition(algo, 100);
   }
 
   private boolean splitFailsPrecondition(SplitAlgorithm algo, String firstRow,
       String lastRow) {
     return splitFailsPrecondition(algo, firstRow, lastRow, 100);
   }
 
   private boolean splitFailsPrecondition(SplitAlgorithm algo, String firstRow,
       String lastRow, int numRegions) {
     algo.setFirstRow(firstRow);
     algo.setLastRow(lastRow);
     return splitFailsPrecondition(algo, numRegions);
   }
 
   private boolean splitFailsPrecondition(SplitAlgorithm algo, int numRegions) {
     try {
       byte[][] s = algo.split(numRegions);
       LOG.debug("split algo = " + algo);
       if (s != null) {
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         for (byte[] b : s) {
           sb.append(Bytes.toStringBinary(b) + "  ");
         }
         LOG.debug(sb.toString());
       }
       return false;
     } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
       return true;
     } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
       return true;
     } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
       return true;
     }
   }
 
     /**
      * Creates a pre-split table with expectedBounds.size()+1 regions, then
      * verifies that the region boundaries are the same as the expected
      * region boundaries in expectedBounds.
      * @throws Various junit assertions
      */
     private void preSplitTableAndVerify(List<byte[]> expectedBounds,
             String splitClass, TableName tableName) throws Exception {
         final int numRegions = expectedBounds.size()-1;
         final Configuration conf = UTIL.getConfiguration();
         conf.setInt("split.count", numRegions);
         SplitAlgorithm splitAlgo = RegionSplitter.newSplitAlgoInstance(conf, splitClass);
         RegionSplitter.createPresplitTable(tableName, splitAlgo, new String[] {CF_NAME}, conf);
         verifyBounds(expectedBounds, tableName);
     }
 
   @Test
   public void noopRollingSplit() throws Exception {
     final List<byte[]> expectedBounds = new ArrayList<byte[]>();
     expectedBounds.add(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY);
     rollingSplitAndVerify(
         TableName.valueOf(TestRegionSplitter.class.getSimpleName()),
         "UniformSplit", expectedBounds);
   }
 
     private void rollingSplitAndVerify(TableName tableName, String splitClass,
             List<byte[]> expectedBounds)  throws Exception {
         final Configuration conf = UTIL.getConfiguration();
 
         // Set this larger than the number of splits so RegionSplitter won't block
         conf.setInt("split.outstanding", 5);
         SplitAlgorithm splitAlgo = RegionSplitter.newSplitAlgoInstance(conf, splitClass);
         RegionSplitter.rollingSplit(tableName, splitAlgo, conf);
         verifyBounds(expectedBounds, tableName);
     }
 
     private void verifyBounds(List<byte[]> expectedBounds, TableName tableName)
             throws Exception {
         // Get region boundaries from the cluster and verify their endpoints
         final Configuration conf = UTIL.getConfiguration();
         final int numRegions = expectedBounds.size()-1;
         final HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
         final Map<HRegionInfo, ServerName> regionInfoMap = hTable.getRegionLocations();
         assertEquals(numRegions, regionInfoMap.size());
         for (Map.Entry<HRegionInfo, ServerName> entry: regionInfoMap.entrySet()) {
             final HRegionInfo regionInfo = entry.getKey();
             byte[] regionStart = regionInfo.getStartKey();
             byte[] regionEnd = regionInfo.getEndKey();
 
             // This region's start key should be one of the region boundaries
             int startBoundaryIndex = indexOfBytes(expectedBounds, regionStart);
             assertNotSame(-1, startBoundaryIndex);
 
             // This region's end key should be the region boundary that comes
             // after the starting boundary.
             byte[] expectedRegionEnd = expectedBounds.get(
                     startBoundaryIndex+1);
             assertEquals(0, Bytes.compareTo(regionEnd, expectedRegionEnd));
         }
         hTable.close();
     }
 
     /**
      * List.indexOf() doesn't really work for a List<byte[]>, because byte[]
      * doesn't override equals(). This method checks whether a list contains
      * a given element by checking each element using the byte array
      * comparator.
      * @return the index of the first element that equals compareTo, or -1
      * if no elements are equal.
      */
     static private int indexOfBytes(List<byte[]> list,  byte[] compareTo) {
         int listIndex = 0;
         for(byte[] elem: list) {
             if(Bytes.BYTES_COMPARATOR.compare(elem, compareTo) == 0) {
                 return listIndex;
             }
             listIndex++;
         }
         return -1;
     }
 
 }